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Letter references

Ambrose, R.F. & Lee, S.F. (2007). An Evaluation of Compensatory Mitigation Projects Permitted Under Clean Water Act Section 401 by the California State Water Resources Control Board, 1991-2002. California State Water Resources Board.

Bull, J.W., Suttle, K.B., Gordon, A., Singh, N.J. & Milner-Gulland, E.J. (2013). Biodiversity offsets in theory and practice. Oryx, 47(3), 369-380. https://doi.org/10.1017/S003060531200172X.

Chalifour, L., Scott, D.C., MacDuffee, M., Iacarella, J.C., Martin, T.G. & Baum, J.K. (2019). Habitat use by juvenile salmon, other migratory fish, and resident fish species underscores the importance of estuarine habitat mosaics. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 625, 145-162. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps13064.

Chalifour, L., Scott, D.C., MacDuffee, M., Stark, S., Dower, J.F., Beacham, T.D., Martin, T.G. & Baum, J.K. (2020). Chinook salmon exhibit long-term rearing and early marine growth in the Fraser River, BC, a large urban estuary. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, (ja). https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2020-0247.

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Environmental Protections Operations Directorate. Environment and Climate Change Canada’s Response to the Review Panel’s Information Request ECCC IR-09 and ECCC IR-10 for the Roberts Bank Terminal 2 Project. (2018). Environment and Climate Change Canada. Retrieved January 05, 2021, from https://iaac-aeic.gc.ca/050/documents/p80054/121632E.pdf.

Impact Assessment Agency of Canada. (2020). Federal Review Panel Report for the Roberts Bank Terminal 2 Project. 2020, March 27  Registry Reference No. 80054. Retrieved November 12, 2020.

Finn, R.J.R., Chalifour, L., Gergel S.E., Hinch, S.G., Scott, D.C. & Martin, T.G. (2021). Quantifying lost and inaccessible habitat for Pacific salmon in Canada’s Lower Fraser River. Ecosphere Vol 12 (7) https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.3646

Ford, J.K.B., Ellis G.M., Olesiuk P.F., & Balcomb, K.C. (2010). Linking killer whale survival and prey abundance: food limitation in the oceans’ apex predator? Biol Lett. 6(1):139–42. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2009.

Gardner, T.A., Von Hase, A., Brownlie, S., Ekstrom, J.M., Pilgrim, J.D., Savy, C.E., …& Ten Kate, K. (2013). Biodiversity offsets and the challenge of achieving no net loss. Conservation Biology, 27(6), 1254-1264. 10.1111/cobi.12118.

Hanson, M.B., Baird, R.W., Ford, J.K., Hempelmann-Halos, J., Van Doornik, D.M., Candy, J.R., Emmons, C.K., Schorr, G.S., Gisborne, B., Ayres, K.L. & Wasser, S.K. (2010). Species and stock identification of prey consumed by endangered southern resident killer whales in their summer range. Endang Species Res., 11:69-82. https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00263

Hanson, M. B., Emmons, C. K., Ford, M. J., Everett, M., Parsons, K., Park, L. K., … & Barre, L. (2021) Endangered predators and endangered prey: Seasonal diet of Southern Resident killer whales. PLoS ONE 16(3): e0247031. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247031

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Kehoe, L. J., Lund, J., Chalifour, L., Asadian, Y., Balke, E., Boyd, S. Carlson, D., Casey, J.M., Connors, B.,  Cryer, N., Drever, M.C., Hinch, S.G., Levings, C., MacDuffee, M.  McGregor, H.  Richardson, J., Scott, D.C., Stewart, D., Vennesland, R.G., Wilkinson, C.E., Zevit, P., Baum, J.K. & Martin, T.G. (2021). Conservation in heavily urbanized biodiverse regions requires urgent management action and attention to governance. Conservation Science and Practice, 3(2), e310. https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.310.

Lacy, R.C., Balcomb, K.C. III, Brent, L.J.N., Croft, D.P., Clark, C.W., & Paquet, P.C. (2015). Report on Population Viability Analysis model investigations of threats to the Southern Resident Killer Whale population from Trans Mountain Expansion Project. Attachment E, Ecojustice – Written Evidence of Raincoast Conservation Foundation (A70286), National Energy Board (Canada). 120 pp. Available at http://docs.neb-one.gc.ca/fetch.asp?language=E&ID=A4L9G2.

Lacy, R.C., Williams, R., Ashe, E., Balcomb III, K. C., Brent, L.J., Clark, C.W., Croft, D.P.  Giles, D.A. MacDuffee, M. & Paquet, P.C. (2017). Evaluating anthropogenic threats to endangered killer whales to inform effective recovery plans. Scientific reports, 7(1), 1-12. 10.1038/s41598-017-14471-0.

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Matkin, C.O, M. J. Moore, & Gulland, F.M.D. (2017). Review of Recent Research on Southern Resident Killer Whales (SRKW) to Detect Evidence of Poor Body Condition in the Population. Independent Science Panel Report to the SeaDoc Society. 3 pp. + Appendices. DOI 10.1575/1912/8803

Murray, C.C., Hannah, L.C., Doniol-Valcroze, T., Wright, B.M., Stredulinsky, E.H, Locke A. & Lacy, R.C. (2019). Cumulative Effects Assessment for Northern and Southern Resident Killer Whale Populations in the Northeast Pacific. DFO Can. Sci. Advis. Sec. Res. Doc. 2019/056. x. + 88 p.

Murray, C.C., Hannah, L.C., Doniol-Valcroze, T., Wright, B.M., Stredulinsky, E.H., Nelson, J.C. Locke, A. & Lacy, R.C. (2021). A cumulative effects model for population trajectories of resident killer whales in the Northeast Pacific. Biological Conservation 257: 109124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2021.109124.

 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association. (2018). Southern Resident killer whale priority stocks report. Prepared by NOAA Fisheries.

Shields, M. W., Lindell, J., & Woodruff, J. (2018). Declining spring usage of core habitat by endangered fish-eating killer whales reflects decreased availability of their primary prey. Pacific Conservation Biology, 24(2), 189-193. https://doi.org/10.1071/PC17041.

Scott, D.S. (2019). Written evidence of the Raincoast Conservation Foundation to the Canadian Environmental Assessment Agency reviewing the Proposed Terminal 2 Expansion Project at Roberts Bank. Canadian Environmental Assessment Agency – IR7-27. 

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zu Ermgassen, S.O., Baker, J., Griffiths, R.A., Strange, N., Struebig, M.J. & Bull, J.W. (2019). The ecological outcomes of biodiversity offsets under “no net loss” policies: A global review. Cons Let, 12(6), e12664. DOI: 10.1111/conl.12664.